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IMPORTANCE OF MICRO NUTRIENT IN
PLANTS
A. Major
Nutrients –
|
|
S.No. |
Element
|
Symbol |
Source |
Form |
|
1. |
Carbon |
C |
Air |
Co3-
, HCo3- |
|
2. |
Hydrogen |
H |
Water |
H+
, OH- |
|
3. |
Nitrogen |
N |
Soil & Fertiliser |
NH4+
, NO3- |
|
4. |
Oxygen |
O |
Air & Water |
O++ |
|
5. |
Phosphorus |
P |
Soil & Fertiliser |
Po4-
, HPo4- |
|
6. |
Potassium |
K |
Soil & Fertiliser |
K |
2. Secondary:-
|
S.No. |
Element
|
Symbol |
Source |
Form |
|
7. |
Calcium |
Ca |
Soil & Fertiliser |
Ca++ |
|
8. |
Magnesium |
Mg |
Soil & Fertiliser |
Mg++ |
|
9. |
Sulphur |
S |
Soil & Fertiliser |
So3- , So4- |
|
S.No
|
Element |
Symbol |
Source |
Form |
|
10. |
Boron |
Bo |
Soil & Fertiliser |
Bo4-,
HB4
O7- |
|
11. |
Chlorine |
Cl |
Soil & Fertiliser |
Cl- |
|
12. |
Copper |
Cu |
Soil & Fertiliser |
Cu++,
Cu+++ |
|
13. |
Iron |
Fe |
Soil & Fertiliser |
Fe++
, Fe+++ |
|
14. |
Manganese |
Mn |
Soil & Fertiliser |
Mn++
, Mn+++ |
|
15. |
Molybdenum |
Mo |
Soil & Fertiliser |
HMBo4
++ |
|
16. |
Zinc |
Zn |
Soil & Fertiliser |
Zn++ |
Minor or Trace elements are required in very little amounts. Out of 16 elements Iron, Zinc, Boron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Copper & Chlorine although required in very little amount, their importance for the growth of the plant is no way less than those of major elements. Due to deficiency of these minor elements leaves, branches and fruits may not grow properly grown and they may even affect the fruits quality as well as production. These elements also help in development of hormones, enzymes, chlorophyll and in the absorption of major elements.
|
Diseases due to shortage of Trace elements are
:- |
|
Role of Minor or Trace elements:-
| Element | Deficiency | Function | Nivaran |
Boron |
1. Splitting of fruits  2. Corkiness & Dryness of fruits  3. Internal rottening in plant 
|
1. Helps in the absorption of Nitrogen 2. Helps in determining
the proportion of Potash & Calcium 3. Prevents Nitrogen leaching. 4. Regulate water absorption 5. Helps in
Pollination 6. Helps in the formation
of seeds. 7. Helps in root formation in cuttings. |
Spray Borox 0.5% or 10-15kg per
hectare |
| Chlorine | 1.Yellowing of leaves and
fall from plants 2. Fading of plant top  |
1. Maintains
positive balance in plant cell
juice 2. Maintains displace
pressure 3. Helps in the synthesis of Protein
|
Spray Potassium Chloride |
| Copper | 1 Gummosis in
plants 2. Dieback in plant  3. Discolour of leaf  |
1. Formation of
Chlorophyll 2. Helps in
Photosynthesis 3. Helps in formation of
vitamin-A 4. Helps in the synthesis of the hormones
|
Spray Copper Sulphate 0.4% or 200gm per plant |
| Iron | 1. Dryness of branches
and leaves  2. Yellowing
of leaves |
1. Helps in cell
division 2. Helps in the formation
of Chlorophyll 3. Helps in plant
respiration 4. Helps in electron transformation during oxidation |
Spray Ferrous Sulphate 0.3-0.5% or 10-15 kg. Per hectare |
| Manganese | 1. Discoloration of leaves 2. Yellowing of leaves |
1. Helps in the formation
of Chlorophyll 2. Helps in formation of
tissues 3. Helps in the formation of Enzymes |
Spray Manganese Sulphate 2gm or 15-20 kg. Per hectare |
| Molybdenum | 1. Yellow spots in the
leaves  2. Loss of greenness in leaves |
1. Helps in the nitrogen
fixation by Azobactor and Rhizobium 2. Helps in formation of
vitamin-C 3. Helps in formation
of sugar 4. Helps in the formation
of Enzymes 5. Helps in electron transportation |
Spray Ammonium Molybedate 0.5% or 10gm. Per plant |
| Zinc |
1. Small size of leaves
|
1. Helps in
transformation of Carbohydrate. 2. Works as catalyst in formation of
Chlorophyll. 3. Helps in the synthesis
of Protein. 4. Increases the
activities of Enzymes. 5. Enhance the utilization of Phosphorus & Iron |
Spray Zinc Sulphate 0.4%-0.8% or 100-150gms per plant |
